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Mitosis requires cells to organize numerous jumbled chromosomes and then separate them with absolute fidelity into two equal groups. How this extraordinary process is accomplished is still poorly understood.. This video reveals the events of mitosis at a level of detail usually seen only in research laboratories. In addition, two Appendices show mitosis in a classical system, the diatom cell, and some experiments on living cells that illustrate why...
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The Oedogoniales are remarkable filamentous green algae. Their method of cell elongation is unique, utilizing a donut-shaped ring of soft wall material which is stretched to form the new daughter cell. While Oedogonium is a simple filament, the related Bulbochaete and Oedocladium are branched and Bulbochaete differentiates long hair cells. The zoospore is large and multiflagellated. Sexual reproduction is oogamous and either “macrandrous” or “nannandrous.”...
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Combining images of living plant stages with computer simulations allows you to easily bridge the gap between the familiar plant and the micro-environment contained within it. Three dimensional animations take you inside the pollen cone and the seed cone to see reproductive structures such as sporangia, gametophytes and the archegonia. Witness dynamic events such as pollination, gametophyte formation, fertilization, embryo formation and seed germination.....
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An inspiring and challenging 20 minute video for high school or university biology students. This video starts by emphasizing the central importance of cells in life, and that living cells can only arise from other living cells by cell division. After distinguishing mitosis (nuclear division) from cytokinesis (cell division), several animal cells are shown undergoing mitosis and a 3D animation shows how the mitotic spindle is assembled. Chromosomes...
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Reproduction in the red algae is unique. No flagellated stages are ever formed, and it is generally assumed that the various reproductive spores are inert. This video demonstrates that spores in many species are actively motile, either by gliding or amoeboid activity. This limited power of movement may turn out to be of considerable significance in survival strategies (e.g. dispersion, optimization of a germination site).. Sexual reproduction is also...
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Living Cells features greatly expanded coverage of subject matter and extensive additional footage when compared to the original video tape of 1992. The vivid, high-magnification images introduce students to a variety of cells, cellular activities, and subcellular organelles. The video is organized into 24 chapters on specific topics such as actin, microtubules, and flagella.. The Living Cells video offers a most convenient way of accessing beautiful...
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Combining images of living plant stages with computer simulations allows you to easily bridge the gap between the familiar plant and the micro-environment contained within it. Three dimensional animations take you inside the flower to witness dynamic events such as pollination, gametophyte formation, fertilization, embryo formation and fruit formation are seen as spectacular computer simulations..
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The Volvocales and Chlorococcales share a common ancestry from a cell type exemplified by Chlamydomonas. Using live cells, this video shows how simple evolutionary trends working on Chlamydomonad ancestors have generated diversity and complexity.. In Volvocalean evolution, unicellular ancestors became multicellular (e.g., Volvox) by daughter cells adhering after division. Concurrently, they evolved various advanced characters (e.g., differentiation...
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For convenience, biologists divide living organisms into five “Kingdoms”: the Monerans (bacteria and cyanobacteria), Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals. The Kingdom Protista includes a vast array of tiny eukaryotic cells that lead complex and extraordinary lives far from the eyes of most humans; a dedication to microscopy is vital to see them in all their splendor. This video is a unique resource introducing the viewer to a considerable range...
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Combining images of living plant stages with computer simulations allows you to easily bridge the gap between the familiar plant and the micro-environment contained within it. Three dimensional animations take you in and around reproductive structures such as the sorus, sporangium, and antheridium and archegonium. You see dynamic events such as spore formation, spore release, prothallus formation, sperm release, fertilization and embryo growth..
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Three dimensional animations, supported by aurthoritative narrations, explore the leaf surface and explain the functioning of the guard cells. The viewer is then taken inside the leaf to see the photosynthesis and conducting cells. Witness the dynamic events of guard cell movements, gas exchange and the transport of water and sugars. Animations also illustrate the forms of leaves and how they are modified for dry and aquatic habitats..
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Combining images of living plant stages with computer simulations allows you to easily bridge the gap between the familiar plant and the micro-environment contained within it. Computer animations take you inside a clump of moss plants to illustrate external structure. You are then transported inside the tips of male and female stems where gametangia (sex organs), sperm release, fertilization and embryo development are illustrated..
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Diatoms are an extraordinarily successful group of organisms and their many thousands of species have diversified and specialized so as to occupy every environmental niche. Part of their success derives from their unique protective cell walls, beautifully elaborate structures made of pure silica. However, living inside walls made of this rigid, refractory material creates many problems. Just how diatoms circumvent these problems provides the major...
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Algae have sustained life on this planet since they were first modified by the atmosphere with photosynthetic by-products over two and a half billion years ago. From the microscopic to giant seaweeds, over 30,000 different forms exist today. In this program researchers discover how algae can transform, from life supporting to life threatening. Learn how we've depended on algae in the past and see the new ways we are putting them to use in cancer research,...
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Take a tour through the 20 amino acids that link together in different combinations and sequences to build proteins. Besides water, proteins are the most abundant molecules in all known forms of life. Also the most diverse class of biological molecules, proteins make up everything from enzymes and hormones to antibodies and muscle cells.
16) Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: How Life Works: Episode 12,Breaking Down Sugars and Fatty Acids
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A metabolic pathway is a series of biochemical reactions, where the product of one serves as the substrate for the next. Biochemists compare these pathways to road maps that show the network of reactions leading from one chemical to the next. Follow the metabolic pathway called glycolysis that breaks up glucose and other sugars. Then trace the route for fatty acid oxidation.
17) The Aging Brain
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We’re all getting older every day, and scientific research has shown that starting in our twenties, some brain functions begin a linear decline. But is old age all doom and gloom?..Not at all! While it’s true that some functions in the aging brain decline, neuroscientists have discovered that many other brain functions remain stable - or even improve - as we age. Furthermore, nurture plays as significant a role as nature, and there are a number...
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Nitrogen is a key component of amino acids, DNA, and RNA, yet animal and plant cells are unable to extract free nitrogen from air. See how bacteria come to the rescue. Then follow the flow of nitrogen from bacteria to plants to us. Also look at strategies for reducing our reliance on environmentally unsound nitrogen fertilizers by exploiting the secret of 16-feet-tall corn plants found in Mexico.
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Roughly 10,000 human diseases may be caused by mutations in single genes. Review the nature of genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, and Alzheimer's. Also examine diseases that emerge from mutations in mitochondrial DNA. Finally, assess the challenges of using gene therapy and other technologies to treat genetic diseases.
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Learn how cells solve the problem of reading information in messenger RNA and using it to direct protein synthesis. Focus on how different parts of the translation apparatus work together through sequence-specific interactions. Also discover how antibiotics kill bacteria and what makes the bioterrorism agent ricin so deadly. Close by investigating techniques to create biological drugs on demand.
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